S cotland held a referendum recently asking voters to decide on independence from the United Kingdom. Some Hong Kong political groups have suggested holding a referendum on whether to accept the central government’s political reform framework. But Hong Kong’s laws do not allow referenda. An unofficial referendum was held last June on the issue of Occupy Central. There is only a very small difference between the word “referendum” and the word “plebiscite”. The word “plebiscite” is seldom used nowadays. It can be used when voters are asked to decide on changing a part of the constitution.
We often also hear and read the expression “universal suffrage” in Hong Kong’s English-language media nowadays. The expression means giving all adult citizens the right to vote in elections. Hong Kong now has universal suffrage for the directly-elected seats in the Legislative Council but not for the chief executive election. If the Legislative Council accepts the central government’s political reform framework, all adult citizens will be allowed to vote for the next chief executive in 2017. But the pan-democrats have said the framework is not genuine universal suffrage. Student groups want pan-democrat legislators to resign so there can be a by-election. The students say the by-election can be treated as an unofficial referendum on whether to accept the central government’s reform framework. A by-election is a special election to fill a vacancy.
讀者不時問及他們在英文書或報章裏看過的詞語和俚語的意思。他們跟我說不很明白這些字詞的確實意思,也不知道該怎樣運用到句子裏去。一位讀者最近問我一些政治字詞的意思,就是我們經常在英文報章裏見到的。其中一個是「referendum」。這個字有兩個眾數,就是referendums和referenda。在一個referendum裏,選民會就着某單一議題投票決定。
蘇格蘭也剛舉行公投(referendum),由選民決定蘇格蘭應否脫離英國而獨立。有些香港政治團體建議舉行公投(referendum),決定是否接受中央政府的政改框架。但香港法律不容許公投(referenda)。香港就着佔領中環這個議題,六月曾舉行非官方的公投(referendum)。Referendum和plebiscite這兩個字只有輕微差別。Plebiscite這個字今日已很少用到,當選民要投票決定是否改變憲法的某部份,就可用上這字。
今天在香港英語媒體,我們不時會聽到或讀到universal suffrage這個習語,它解作給予所有成年選民擁有選舉權。香港現在於立法會的一些直選議席中有普選(universal suffrage),但在行政長官選舉中則沒有。若立法會接受中央政府的政改框架,那麼所有成年市民,亦可在下屆2017特首選舉中投票。但泛民認為,這個框架並非真正普選(universal suffrage)。學生組織要求泛民議員辭職,好能舉行補選(by-election)。學生說,補選(by-election)可被當成非正式的公投(referendum),決定我們是否接受中央政改框架。By-election是填補空缺的特殊選舉。
mickchug@gmail.com
中譯:七刻
Michael Chugani 褚簡寧
Source: http://news.stheadline.com/dailynews/headline_news_detail_columnist.asp?id=307419§ion_name=wtt&kw=126